Discount Window Treatment -

Olivier Armantier, Marco Cipriani, and Asani Sarkar

(2025): Uses laboratory experiments to show that once a facility is stigmatized, it is extremely difficult to "cure" that perception, even with policy changes. discount window treatment

If you are looking for a comprehensive research paper on this topic, the most recent and authoritative study is: Olivier Armantier, Marco Cipriani, and Asani Sarkar (2025):

Federal Reserve Bank of New York Staff Report No. 1137 (Revised March 2026) Key Findings: discount window treatment