: Indicates how many beats are in each measure (or bar). For example, a "3" at the top means the music is counted in groups of three.

The two numbers in a time signature serve distinct, complementary roles:

Together, these numbers establish the , creating a repeating pattern of strong and weak pulses.

: Defines which note value receives one beat. Common denominators include: 2 : The half note gets the beat. 4 : The quarter note gets the beat. 8 : The eighth note gets the beat.