Theodor Adorno (1903–1969) was a leading philosopher of the whose work serves as a "guide for the perplexed" in navigating the contradictions of modern society. His primary motivation was addressing human suffering by critiquing how modern reason has paradoxically led to new forms of domination and "damaged life". The Dialectic of Enlightenment

Co-authored with Max Horkheimer in 1944, this work argues that the Enlightenment—originally intended to liberate humanity from fear and myth through reason—has "reverted to mythology".

Adorno’s most famous social concept posits that popular culture functions like a factory, producing standardized goods that ensure the continued obedience of the masses to market interests. Theodor W. Adorno - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy